Firearm.



U. MARGA.

FIRBARM.

' APPLICATION FILED DBO.13.1907. 908,294. Y Patented Dec. 29, 1908.

' ment movin in a cy ULDARIQUE MARGA, OF DIEGHEM, NEAR BRUSSELS, BELGIUM.

FIRE ARM.

' No. 908,294. Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led December 13, 1907. Serial No. 406,332.

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ULDARIQUE MARGA, a subject of the Kingdom of Bel ium, resid-A ing in Dieghem, near Brussels, Be gium, have invented certain new and useful lm rovements in Firearms; and I do hereby eclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains vto make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marke thereon, which form a part of this specication.

This invention relates to an automatic fire arm in which the automatic movements are obtained by the pressure of the gases caused by the firing of the cartridge. The gases necessarly for tube working of this mechanism are co ected from the beginning of the said firing and the initial pressure is thus reduced. After having eiiected the automatic movements, the same gases are used to drive out the projectile.

This invention consists of a bolt for closing the cartridge magazine which is placed between the base of the cartridge and a cylinder into which is conveyed by a lateral canal a portion of the gases of the firing. A striker is ada ted to move independently of this bolt w ch it crosses on its axis.

The backward movement of the bolt is cushioned by its engagement with an eleinder laced on an ineline on the arrel and by t e gases carried behind said bolt.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a gun constructed in accordance with this invention, Fi 2 isahorizontal sectional view taken on the 'ne A--B of Fig. 1.

The chamber 1 in which the bolt 2 moves communicates with a cylinder 3, opening into said chamber at a point near the rear end of bolt 2 when the breech is closed. A piston 4 moves in said cylinder 3 and is pressed upwards by a spring y5. l/Vhen the gun is cocked, said piston 4 is main tained in lowered position by a sear 6, which engages a notchl 7 of said iston 4. Said sear 6 is pressed upwards y a s ring 25 A spring pressed pin 27 mounte in a recess at the ore end the trigger 8 engages a recess 26 6. The movement of said pin 27 is limited by a stop 29. Vv'hen the trigger 8 is actuated said pin 27withdraws the sear 6 until the shoulder 30 is released, which altlie action of its'spring by the spring 31, and pin 27 glides a incline 32, compressing spring 4 is beveled at its upper end so that the face spring 11.

When the charge. The iring of piston 4, and the pressure on said piston is imparted in a direction perpendicular to the axis ofthe piston and also direction of said axis. The pressure to the axis of the isten drives the piston against the rear wa 13 of cylinder 3, andthe the piston tends to carry the istonback towards thebottom of said cylin er andcompresses spring 5 and causes the sear`6 Ato againl engage notch 7 of the piston 4 which constitutes the hammer.

It will be understood that the degree of inclination of the cylinder axis 3 relative to the pressure on the piston in both directions, and it may be varied at will by varying said inclination. The strength of the spring 5 will be determined according to the amount of pressure directed in line with the axis of 'the piston and the resistance of the wall 13 of cylinder 3 so as to be able to bear the pressure directed perpendicular to the axis of the piston. ln order to reduce the backward movement of the weapon caused by the iring, it is necessary that only a part of the backward rojecting power of the bolt 2 be taken by t ic movement of piston 4; thereforethe incline of cylinder 3 is arranged so that after having forced the piston 4, into the cylinder 3 the bolt continues its way rearward. and comes in contact with piston 14 which operates in a chamber 12. Aportion of the iiring gases is conveyed through a passage or duct 15 which opens behind piston 14. These gases form a cushion for piston 14 and cushion the remainder of the rearward movement of the bolt.

of the sean the bolt 2 is pressed rearward by ya light" directed perpendicular pressure exerted in a direction of theaxis i" axis of the gun regulates the ratio of the Patented Dec; 29, n

lows said scar to rise or move forward under i i 25. When the trigger is released it is restored to normalV osition' on'g the, 28 until it enj' '-"f ters the recess 26 in the sear 6. The piston'A 9 is' vertical. The tiring pin 10 arrangedv in` shooter actuates 'the triggerfS, the sear 6 is released from the notch 7 V andf the piston 4 according to the action oi'sprin'g'f 5 is driven violently upwards causing the face, 9 to strike the rear end of the firing pin 1() I and drive it forward, thereby firing" the4 of the charge drives the bolt 2 rearward violently against the facet 9 thus released by the pin 17 from the cup of the bolt is ejected by the spring 20 from the cartridge magazine 21 and a new cartridge falls into said cup Where it is held by a spring 22 carried by the bolt 2., The,.latter being cushioned by the expansion of the gases inclosed behind the plston 1 4 ,andi being allowed to escape but slowlytnrogh the duct 15, moves forward again "after ha'ving engaged the piston 14 and comes into the position shown in the drawings so that vthe gun is again ready for use. A pin 23 fixed to the piston 4 isg'uided in a groove 24 of cylinder 3 and provides when necessary means 01perable by hand for movin the piston 4 to t bottom of cylinder 3. hen the cartridge glaazine 21'is empty, the'entrance is opened Y I claim- 1. A lire arm havin a chamber formed in the stock thereof, a olt operable in said chamber, a ring pin arranged in said bolt, means for actuatln said pin, and means cushionedv b the firing gases adapted to engage said olt and cushion its rearward movement.

2. A fire arm havin the stock thereof, a

a chamber formed in olt operable in said chamber, a firing pin arranged in said bolt, Y

means for actuating said in, a iston arranged in said chamber behind sai bolt, and

riving bolt 2 rearward by means of pin 33.

a duct arranged to convey the firing gases to said chamber' at the rear of said passage.

3. A fire arm having a chamber formed in the stock thereof, a bolt operable in said chamber, a firing pin arranged in said bolt, means for actuating said in, a piston arranged in said chamber behind said bolt, a duct arranged to convey the iring gases to said chamber at the rear of said passage, and means for cushioning the impulse of said bolt before it reaches said piston.

4. A re arm having a chamber formed in the stock thereof, a bolt slidable in said chamber, a firing pin carried by said bolt, a cylinder mounted on said stock and opening into said chamber at the rear of the bolt when the latter is in normal position, a spring pressed piston mounted in said cylinder, means for holding said piston Within said cylinder against the tension of its spring, means for releasing said piston whereby it is caused to engage said 1n to move it violently forward to fire t e charge, said piston serving to cushion the impulse of said bolt on its rearward movement, a piston arranged in said chamber behind said bolt, and a duct arranged to convey the firing gases to said chamber at the rear of -said second piston.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ULDARIQUE MARGA. Witnesses:

JULES GHILAIN, EUGENE VANDERPLOS. 

